page-orientation
The page-orientation CSS descriptor for the @page at-rule controls the rotation of a printed page. It handles the flow of content across pages when the orientation of a page is changed. This behavior differs from the size descriptor in that a user can define the direction in which to rotate the page.
This descriptor helps with the layout and orientation of printed documents, especially when documents are printed double-sided. A user can specify how the pages will be rotated when printed. This is particularly useful to lay out content such as tables, which may be wider than the rest of the content, in a different orientation.
Note: Margin boxes and other positional elements have no special interaction with this descriptor. Margins are laid out as normal in the unrotated page, then rotated along with everything else.
Browser support
| Feature | Desktop | Mobile | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chrome | Edge | Firefox | Safari | Chrome Android | Safari iOS | |
| 85 | 85 | 122 | | 85 | | |
Syntax
@page landscape-page {
size: A4;
page-orientation: rotate-right;
}
.wide-table {
page: landscape-page;
}Live demo
Use cases
-
Component layout
Use page-orientation to create more predictable spacing and placement inside reusable UI patterns.
-
Responsive structure
Adapt containers and flow rules so layouts stay stable across viewport changes.
Cautions
- Test layout rules with real content, long labels, and small screens before depending on them broadly.
- Prefer simpler layout primitives if they already solve the problem clearly.
Accessibility
- Layout choices should preserve reading order and support zoom without clipping.
- Avoid visually clever positioning that makes content harder to follow with keyboard or assistive tools.